Pentecost

By Cindy Major

- History -
Pentecost was originally known as a Jewish festival also called the Festival of Harvest or the Feast of Weeks. It occurred 50 days after the Wave Sheaf Offering, hence the term Pentecost, a Greek term meaning 50. Leviticus 23:10-16

The first Pentecost of the Christian era occurred with the outpouring of God’s Holy Spirit, Acts 2:4, fulfilling the prophesy spoken of by the prophet Joel in Joel 2:28-29

This was spoken by the prophet Joel: In the last days God says I will pour out my spirit on all people Acts 2:16-17(NIV)

When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place. Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them. Acts 2:1-4 (NIV)

-Determining the Day of Pentecost -
Based on Leviticus 23:10-11 the wave sheaf was to be offered the day after the 1st Sabbath, after the first harvest, which was the beginning of the Week of Firstfruits. The Feast of Firstfruits does not need to be directly connected with the Days of Unleavened Bread, but it cannot occur before it, simply because there must be a harvest to produce a sheaf of the firstfruit (wheat/barley) to wave, and this is weather dependent, not on a fixed date. Based on Leviticus 23:15-16 from the day the wave sheaf was offered, 7 Sabbaths must be counted, to the day after the 7th Sabbath, so this would always land on the first day of the week, Sunday.


The above calendar shows the way the days occurred the year Christ was sacrificed for us. The Passover and Days of Unleavened Bread may occur earlier some years than they do here, separate from the 50 days counting up to Pentecost. For example, in the year 2001, the Days of Unleavened Bread started on a Sunday and finished on a Saturday, and the Wave Sheaf Offering would have happened the next day, Sunday.

Christ died for our sins as our Passover Lamb on the 14th day of Nisan or Abib. 

The most probable date for the *crucifixion, was the 14th day of Nisan, Passover Day, Wednesday April 5th, AD 30. This date is determined from the new moon nearest the vernal equinox marking the new year of the sacred calendar, the 1st of Nisan. In AD 30, the 1st of Nisan was Thursday, March 23rd, the new moon occurring at 20:22 the evening before, at Jerusalem. The Passover night is also marked by a full moon.

*Note: Click here to read article on When did the Crucifixion & Resurrection of Christ Take Place?

Since the wave sheaf is always offered on a Sunday, this is the reason Christ did not ascend into heaven immediately following His resurrection, but waited till later on Sunday, showing Himself to people, as the sign of the prophet Jonah. For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of a huge fish, so the Son of Man will be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Matthew 12:40 (NIV)

Jesus Christ was the ultimate wave sheaf offering. Christ presented Himself to the Father to be accepted, on the first day of the week, Sunday when He ascended into heaven & sat on the right hand of God. Mark 16:19.

The first harvest of the year is a shadow of or symbolic of the harvest of souls to occur at the first resurrection. Revelation 14:15 and 11:15-18 Christ was the firstfruit of a harvest, the first of the first resurrection, the best of the first harvest offered to God as a wave sheaf.

Old Testament sacrifices and holy days were a shadow of things to come, all pointing to Christ, and revealing the reality of Christ and what He has done and will do for us. Colossians 2:16-17

He was both our Passover Lamb and our Wave Sheaf Offering.

- What Now? - 
Once we are persuaded of our sins and sure of our belief in and acceptance of Christ’s sacrifice for us, we can act according to Acts 2:38 (NIV) Peter replied, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

Based on Acts 2:39 the Holy Spirit is now available to anyone who repents and is baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins.

Therefore, go and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Teach these new disciples to obey all the commands I have given you. Matthew 28:19 (NLT)  

-Warning -
Jesus said: if you love me, keep my commandments. John 14:15

We must all decide for ourselves, while we have the opportunity and ability to do so, as Peter 
and the apostles once said, "We must obey God rather than human authority." 
Acts 5:29(NLT)

Paul also admonished us to "Follow my example, as I follow the example of Christ." 
1 Corinthians 11:1(NIV)

So we must ask ourselves, what did Christ actually say? And determine to obey Him. So, do not be stubborn as your ancestors were when they rebelled against God. Hebrews 3:15-16

How did our ancestors rebel?
They rebelled against me in the desert, they did not follow my decrees but rejected my laws -although the man who obeys them will live by them -they utterly desecrated my Sabbaths. Ezekiel 20:13 (NIV)

We can take warning from Jesus’ words:

Their worship is a farce, for they replace God's commands with their own man-made
teachings. For you ignore God’s specific laws and substitute your own traditions. Mark 7:7-8(NLT)

Therefore, from Romans 6:16, do not choose to be a slave to sin, which leads to death, but to obey God, which leads to righteousness and life!  


 
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